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Where are the gender data gaps?

Identifying the gaps is the first step toward filling them.

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Gaps in gender data exist across all sectors. We have mapped these gaps to understand where progress is being made, and where additional efforts are needed.

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Here is the state of gender data across
six key areas of development.

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Economic opportunities

Economic opportunities can increase women’s agency and decision-making power, yet significant gender data gaps remain. Major efforts to resolve these gaps are widespread, but we still don’t know enough about areas like unpaid work or earnings disparities.
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Gender data gaps in economic opportunities*
  • Access to Financial Services
  • Access to ICT
  • Asset Ownership
  • Informal Employment
  • Productivity in Agriculture
  • Unpaid Work
  • Access to Childcare
  • Employment Mobility
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Migrant Worker Conditions
  • Pay Gaps & Opportunity Costs
  • Aspirations & Expectations
  • Decent Work
Gap remains unchanged Gap significantly decreased Newly-identified gap Gap somewhat decreased
*Compared to Data2X’s 2014 mapping exercise

Education

Gender data on education is a strong indicator for gender equality and a predictor of future development outcomes for women and girls, but fewer than half of countries report data, sex-disaggregated or not, on SDG education indicators.
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Gender data gaps in education*
  • School-to-Work Transition
  • Excluded Girls
  • Learning Outcomes
  • Aspirations & Expectations
  • Digital Literacy
  • Gender-responsive Infrastructure
Gap remains unchanged Gap significantly decreased Newly-identified gap Gap somewhat decreased
*Compared to Data2X’s 2014 mapping exercise

Environment

Recognition that women are disproportionately affected by environmental issues is a relatively recent shift. There is little sex-disaggregation or gender analysis of most environmental data, just as the environment continues to be on the periphery of gender equality work.
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Gender data gaps in environment*
  • Consumption & Production
  • Disaster Risk Management
  • Disaster-related Mortality/Illness
  • Environment & Health
  • Inclusion in Decision-making
  • Land & Resource Rights
Gap remains unchanged Gap significantly decreased Newly-identified gap Gap somewhat decreased
*Compared to Data2X’s 2014 mapping exercise

Health

Health of women and girls is an area where we have relatively more gender data. Yet there are still huge data gaps, especially for vulnerable populations, including children, LGBTQIA+ individuals, and those with disabilities and in humanitarian settings.
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Gender data gaps in health*
  • Excess Disease Burdens
  • Maternal Mortality
  • Adolescent Health
  • Mental Health
  • Utilization of Health Services
  • Violence against Women
  • Ageing Population
  • Cause of Death
  • Disability
  • Sexual & Reproductive Health & Rights
Gap remains unchanged Gap significantly decreased Newly-identified gap Gap somewhat decreased
*Compared to Data2X’s 2014 mapping exercise

Human security

When women feel unsafe, their choices, mobility, and opportunities are restricted, preventing them from fully participating in public life. Due to the sensitive nature of data collection on human security issues, we don’t know much about women’s and girls’ experiences.
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Gender data gaps in human security*
  • Adaptive Response to Conflict
  • Forcible Displacement
  • Peace Process Inclusion
  • Conflict & Gender Violence
  • War-related Mortality/Illness
  • Human Trafficking
  • Safety in Public Spaces
  • Violence against Children
Gap remains unchanged Gap significantly decreased Newly-identified gap Gap somewhat decreased
*Compared to Data2X’s 2014 mapping exercise

Public participation

Women’s representation and leadership at all levels of political office and within civil society is a key determinant of their broader rights and well-being in development. However, there is very little comparable, regularly produced data on women’s public participation.
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Gender data gaps in public participation*
  • National ID Documentation
  • Local Representation
  • Professional Leadership
  • Voter Registration & Turnout
  • Violence against Women in Politics
Gap remains unchanged Gap significantly decreased Newly-identified gap Gap somewhat decreased
*Compared to Data2X’s 2014 mapping exercise
How is Data2X working to close gender data gaps?

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